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re:燕姐不愧是博士,认真啊。。。。。。 ...
燕姐不愧是博士,认真啊。。。。。。
DSM-V貌似还没有正式出台生效吧?目前的诊断还是用的DSM-IV。
(I) A total of six (or more) items from (A), (B), and (C), with at least two from (A), and one each from (B) and (C)
(A) qualitative impairment in social interaction, as manifested by at least two of the following:
1. marked impairments in the use of multiple nonverbal behaviors such as eye-to-eye gaze, facial expression, body posture, and gestures to regulate social interaction
2. failure to develop peer relationships appropriate to developmental level
3. a lack of spontaneous seeking to share enjoyment, interests, or achievements with other people, (e.g., by a lack of showing, bringing, or pointing out objects of interest to other people)
4. lack of social or emotional reciprocity ( note: in the description, it gives the following as examples: not actively participating in simple social play or games, preferring solitary activities, or involving others in activities only as tools or "mechanical" aids )
我们一般在讨论的时候把自闭症的三大特点简化为:1)social impairement 社会性不足;2)language delay 语言发展迟缓;3)stereotype behaviour 刻板行为。我用了emotion isolation确实是狭隘了一点,从翻译的理解上,又会引起很多争议,那还是用回lack of emotional reciprocity好了。
从ABA的角度,诊断并不是重点,重点在于症状,表现为“行为”(不得不解释,行为的定义也是很宽的,并不仅是大家理解的能目视到的物理动作)。所以,ABA的角度,我们找到需要干预的“行为”,观察,找到前后环境影响因素,设计干预方案,执行方案,评估干预效果,改善干预方案,直到最后实现干预目标。 |
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