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发表于 2007-4-12 22:19:12
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re:Autism in ChinaⅠ、...
Autism in China
Ⅰ、 The number of autistic children in China
According to Xinhua net, the number of autistic children in China has reached 800,000. But if considering the incidence rate of 1:500, there are about 260,000 autistic children. In 1978, a 9-year-old Beijing boy was diagnosed with autism, who was the first report on record in China. Since then the number of autistic children keeps rising. For example, in the paediatric clinic of the Institute of Mental Health (IMH) of Peking University, there are two to three children who were diagnosed to have autism every week, contrasting with the one every week a couple of years ago.
Ⅱ、the diagnosis and treatment of autism in China
At the present time, there are no more than one hundred child psychiatrists in China who can diagnose the autism exactly and give the appropriate suggestions. Most of them dwell in big city and numerous patients in suburban and rural areas can’t get exact and effective diagnosis and treatment in time. Because of it a lot of children missed the best period of treatment.
Ⅲ、the situation of training institutes in China
There is no state-owned training institute for autism in China now. Only 10 percent of the autistic children have chance to go to several private training. Most of the children can’t get systematic training and only stay at home. Under this situation, family training has become the main and probably the only way to train them. To catch the development opportunity for their children, the parents have to take the great responsibility to train them at home, which is too difficult a task for them. As the children grow up, they are facing the problem of education. Since no preschool would recruit the autistic children, their parents have to establish non-governmental organizations. But it still can’t meet the education needs of more and more autistic children. Many children who badly need training have to wait more than one year so that they miss the best time of education. Besides, due to the limit in many aspects, the tuition fee is very high. Moreover, there are many problems with the level of training and the management.
Ⅳ. Children of school age have little chance to enter ordinary schools because of lacking social service and social security
The special schools in China seldom offer special recovery training and education class for autistic children. Most of them put children with autism and those with mental retardation together to live receive education. However, the recovery and education model for autistic children and mental retardation children are different despite of their similarity. Many autistic children have the ability to learn but without willingness. On the contrary, many mental retardation children are eager to study but have insufficient ability to master the knowledge. We can’t offer classes focusing on their separate needs if we put them together. So the parents don’t want to send their children to special schools. However, the ordinary schools seldom recruit autistic children. Most schools refuse them because they probably will influence their teaching. In Shanghai, the education department regulates that the children whose IQ scores are above 70 have the right to go to school. But the regulation doesn’t ask schools to prepare professional special education teacher. So the autistic children can’t get actual help from the efficient teaching support and the adjustable teaching method.
Ⅴ. The family suffers great pains for the lacking of social recognition and understanding
260,000 patients means there are 260,000 families are fighting with autism. The rising incidence of autism occurs in recent years and most of the patients are in their childhood. Many parents lack the knowledge about autism, some of them even couldn’t receive the fact that it’s still a disease with no effective method to cure it and their children will have no ability to survive by themselves in the future. Some parents refuse to face the reality and prefer living in their imagination. Many families broke for the autism. All kinds of frustration make the parents live on the edge of collapse. All the parents are afraid to think about how their children would survive after their death. In fact, people with autism need a protected location to provide them with long-term special education, peaceful life, and simple work suitable for their character, to fulfill their own value.
Ⅵ、The future
Nowadays people are paying more and more attention on Children with Autism. Many policies were published, such as taking autism to the definition of disabled and offer some relative ways of help. State Department also authorized the recovery of autism be one point in The Eleventh five-year Program about Chinese Disabled project. Furthermore the government will establish the system of early intervention about the early selection, the early diagnoses and early recovery of children with autism. And The Associations of Recovery for Children with Autism in each state will be established to let the whole society know much about children with autism, so that people with autism will receive more protection from the law. There are two major objectives in our program, one is establishing the correspondent relationship with government, so that the children with autism and their parents can communicate their pains and their desirability with the government in time. The other is hence the wild relationship with kindergartens, schools, hospitals, communities and relative research organizations, so that we can improve the inclusion of autism and make use of all kinds of social power in diagnoses, training, recovery and help for the needed families.
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