孩子视觉异常引起的行为问题较严重,讨教方法

genghb111

    孩子最初是喜欢看手,从各个不同角度看,特别是极度斜着眼看，或从下往上看。
    平时看电视时也习惯性地有些低头，视线往上看。
    现在又出现了有一些他害怕看的地方，如卫生间和厨房的某一个方向，幼儿园教室进门处的柜子，他会歪着头，挤着一只眼走过他害怕的地方。

    请大家传授方法。

boboaiay

我的孩子在视觉方面也有点问题，喜欢抬着头看东西，她的左眼有点内斜（不是很明显），偶尔会斜着眼睛看东西，看人。记得我在墙上贴着福娃的图片，她开始看还很喜欢，时间看久了就好像看了什么可怕的东西一样吓的哇哇大哭。吓得我赶紧撕了。

rabb_li

我的孩子也是视觉有问题。经常向右斜着眼睛看东西，并且皱着眉头，一经提示就正常看了。我要求他斜着眼睛看我，他反而不知道怎么做才能斜视。可见他的斜视是无意识的。另外，我孩子也是对好多东西都不敢看，怕得要死。以前非常惧怕百度的那个小图标。看到了就吓得躲到了地上。还害怕电风扇，路口一闪一闪的交通标识。

jmc0623

冯版和kevenman2说得很对，视觉治疗师给我孩子测的时候也是一只眼的眼珠向里,一个向外的。

kwenma2

谢谢冯版。我们孩子在很近处的聚焦有问题，东西放在鼻子处一只眼睛向外(今天早上测的)。过几天可能会去看那个眼科医生，问问她。小孩眼睛方面的问题一般需要及时解决，都有一个窗口期。

binfeng2000

前段时间看到一个消息,说是有种视力问题引起的行为问题和多动症很相似,是孩子的眼睛的对焦.你可以自己做个试验:那支铅笔在孩子的面前,让他一直保持看铅笔尖,然后你把铅笔慢慢地向他跟前移动,这时候看他的眼仁是不是随着铅笔的靠近而向中心靠拢,如果不是这样,而是一只眼的眼珠向里,一个向外的话,那就是有聚焦的问题了,据说这在眼科那里是可以治疗矫正的.

kwenma2

我们小子两个月前去看了OPTOMETRICS得出结论是眼睛对三维的东西看起来跟二维的差不多，眼睛在很近处聚焦有问题(怪不得我跟他面对面地很近时比如头顶头他从来没有办法跟我对视)，所以给配了一副眼镜。他戴了2-3周，我总觉得他的眼镜往下滑，他老要从镜框上面看所以我暂时停了，正在跟医生联系，去她那里在复诊一下。他们这种眼睛的问题是眼睛的视力没有问题，主要是眼睛的肌肉和神经配合的问题。
举个简单的例子就是正常人的眼睛能跟随快速动作的问题走但是他们的眼睛的肌肉和神经就做不到或者非常困难，协作工作不行。又比如说孩子走平衡木不好，有可能是他的三维感差(当然是眼睛的问题)， 所以他不知道深浅，比较迟疑；经常碰到头因为对距离不能很好地测试出来。这种眼镜就是VISION THERAPY DEVICE，戴时最好配合有针对性的感统治疗，效果更好。

chenchenma

我儿子也有这种状况。特别是我坐在旁边盯着他做作业时（做数学没有，写他不爱写的拼音时有），他会经常斜着眼睛看某处（伴随着皱眉），我一提醒就收回。还有以前转圈的时候，眼睛也会呈现一种非正常的直视状态，有时还故意眯着眼睛用手摸索着前进。可能他在这些非正常的角度下看到的东西不一样。不知道该到哪里去检查一下。

jmc0623

年龄越小越好治

sqb11

我家孩子最近也是爱在墙角或家具的旁边看 还经常捂住眼睛 或把眼睛紧紧闭住 有没有哪位家长有经验 怎么弄

genghb111

去韩国，目前我们还做不到。
专业的视觉治疗师，国内有没有啊？
有知道的家长吗？

jmc0623：发了悄悄话。

jmc0623

天使：

正常的视觉神经是看重点，而忽略细节，就好像我们看画，主要集中看重要的部分，而不会去看树上有几片叶一样，如果什么都看，当然就注意力分散了。治疗师就说我儿子的视觉散，我的孩子也存在注意力不集中的问题。以前一边走路一边看这看那，所以我们得常提醒“看前面，看路“ 以前不知道为什么，闷得很，现在想起来孩子的行动都是有原因的

jmc0623

你好：

我找了半天才找到这个贴，不知道怎么才能收藏这个贴。今天以琳网站上没有“查询“这一栏，只好一个个的看，所以过了12点才找到。

眼科医生不知道并不奇怪，视觉治疗的医生和眼科医生是不一样的，所以眼科医生如果没有专们学过，也不知道。眼科医生是治疗眼睛的毛病，视觉治疗的治疗的不是是眼睛本身，而是调节视觉神经 。就好像外科医生知道怎么治疗受伤的腿，却不知道怎么做感统来调节容易摔跤的问题，因为这不是腿本身的毛病。视觉治疗就好像用感统来调节运动神经，触觉神经等一样。利用特殊眼镜来调节视觉神经，使其恢复正常的工作。

至于你问的恢复后如果不要眼镜，会不会恢复原状，这个很难回答，如果有斜视的话，有可能在发，不过，即使在发，我想也比当初好很多，我觉得这并不是个担心的问题，大不了再戴眼镜。关键是现在能不能恢复才是最重要。

至于资料，说实在，韩国也只有一个治疗师，可见这是个偏门，所以我也没有什么好资料（你可以上英文网站去艘艘看）。治疗师的日程紧得很，我这个月也只预约到2次见他的机会，所以我也没时间和他长谈，他也没时间。我以前有个机会和他聊一次，他说的那些专业词，我也听得一头雾水。我是一位妈妈介绍我去的，他的孩子视觉问题以前很严重，还有斜视，治了一年半，现在恢复了，我是看到他的孩子的效果后去的，所以自己没有对视觉治疗太多的研究。我只能给你提过我有限的消息，判断还是得有父母来决定

如果国内有相关的治疗师，别忘了告诉我，这边的费用好贵

genghb111

jmc0623：我们所在的城市较小，儿科医生都少有知道自闭症的，更别谈眼科医生了。我已经咨询过本地两个大医院的眼科医生了，他们都很茫然。孩子的视觉问题最近以来显著增加，所以希望能知道视觉治疗的大概原理，好做出决断。能告诉相关资料的网址吗？再次感谢您的信息！

大天使：您能关注这一问题，让我感觉向正确方向迈进的可能性增大了。
关于眼底检查，我准备去试一下，但我担心以恒现在的理解力，配合检查恐怕会有相当大的难度，给他点眼药水都非常非常困难。

女儿是天使

"If you child has a diagnosis on the autism spectrum, be sure they have a visual evaluation with a developmental optometrist as soon as possible."
谢谢jmc0623这些信息。

genghb111：怪不得我女儿当初的诊断书上特别有一句话，“眼底（应该是眼底）未检查”，那时觉得她火眼金睛的，常看到我们看不到的东西，怎么会视力有问题呢。但现在我重新考虑应该去做个检查。她在注意力不集中的时候，左眼有斜视的现象，这是两岁以前没有的。
一个偶然的机会，听眼镜店的店员说，自闭症患者，有可能需要特殊的眼镜，经由眼科医生的协助才能特别配制。我想，如果真的有这个需要，仅靠感统是解决不了问题的，也肯定不光是斜视那么简单。
自闭和视觉的关系，我也很好奇。我父系家族的几个亲戚有不同程度的视神经萎缩。

genghb111

    jmc0623，还得劳您的驾：
    您推荐的文章里所说，In many of these children, the eye itself is normal but faulty wiring in the brain is causing the problem.所以我们会采取一些感统措施，如throwing and catching a ball, walking up and down stairs or using scissors to cut along a line ,and so on.以不断的“冲击”来打通阻塞了的faulty wiring in the brain.这是现在已被普遍接受了的有效的办法。
    视觉治疗里所说的棱镜/透镜的工作原理是： bend light in the same direction: up, down, left or right. These lenses can have dramatic results by creating a difference in how the world is seen and allows the person to change how their world is perceived.
    我的孩子喜欢斜着或从下往上看事物，似乎这些特殊的角度在他脑海中形成的印象是不一样的。不是他在正常的角度看不到东西，而是他从另一个角度看到的东西似乎不一样。
    是不是通过棱镜/透镜弯曲光的透入角度，来实现孩子异样视物角度看到的东西和正常的角度看到的东西一样，从而使他不再迷恋于特殊的视角带来的刺激？
    但如果是这样的话，他去掉眼镜后，会不会恢复原状呢？使他不再回到原来状态的原理又是什么呢？
   
      

璞儿妈妈

我儿子和thast家宝贝的情况很相似，近期明显开始喜欢在栏杆或者是类似一排家具构成的直线等旁边跑过。还有其他的宝宝有类似的情况吗？

千寻

是啊,我的孩子也有类似的问题,关注中,请有经验的父母不吝赐教~

thast

我也遇到这样的问题，就是孩子的自我刺激，他是爱在栏杆前斜着眼睛跑过，有没有好的办法呢，训练和药物都可以啊，请朋友指点！

jmc0623

你说的训练课上的对视是在老师的引导下能数到50 ，我说的是孩子能自然的与我们目光对视，和长时间的对视（不用引导)，当然我不是说训练不重要，我们的孩子一定不能忽略训练。不过，如果能同时进行视觉治疗，效果会更好
关于视觉治疗 ,这里有几篇视觉治疗和自闭症儿童的介绍，你也可以上网查查

Autism And Vision

Vision problems are common with autism and many times are overlooked. Normal autistic behaviors, such as: poor eye contact, looking though or beyond objects, extreme aversion to light, unusual reaction to sight, lack of reciprocal play, inordinate fear of heights or lack of appropriate fear of heights and stemming, could be visual symptoms.

Kyle's story is one that his mom wants as many people to know so his frustration does not have to be repeated. While in a park, when he was three years old, Kyle walked over a 50 foot cliff. Years later, when he had a developmental visual evaluation, it was found that he lacked depth perception. No wonder he had walked over the cliff. In grade school, on his Individualized Educational Program, the staff wrote that he lacked reciprocal play because throwing and catching a ball was difficult. He had been practicing throwing and catching in occupational therapy for 2?years. After getting prism glasses and six weeks of vision therapy, Kyle was able to throw and catch a ball. Kyle had an unusual gait. It was stiff and flat-footed. He wouldn't run. After vision therapy, he could ride a bike and play on monkey bars. After vision therapy, his gait changed. Kyle would look off into space; he seemed to be tuning out vision to be able to attend to auditory information. With auditory, occupational and vision therapy, his senses started working together instead of only being able to use one or the other.

Kyle's mom wants people to imagine a quiet pool of water. When you drop a pebble in the middle, the calm water ripples outward. One small pebble can create quite an impact. If there is a visual problem, the vision problem can impact motor development. If motor development is impacted, that can impact social and communication skills. Kyle's mom thinks that if they had known about his visual problems when he was much younger, many of his motor and social deficits would not have been so significant.

If you child has a diagnosis on the autism spectrum, be sure they have a visual evaluation with a developmental optometrist as soon as possible. A person does not have to be verbal in order to find out if they are nearsighted, farsighted or have astigmatism. Visual games will be played to see how the person's eyes aim, focus, track, follow, move, see 3-D (depth perception), and process central-peripheral information.

Yoked prisms are special lenses that bend light in the same direction: up, down, left or right. These lenses can have dramatic results by creating a difference in how the world is seen and allows the person to change how their world is perceived. In the visual evaluation, an activity such as throwing and catching a ball, walking up and down stairs or using scissors to cut along a line may be done. While wearing different powers of yoked lenses, the same activity is repeated and evaluated. The doctor may prescribe yoked prisms for special activities or for full time wear. The lenses may use them as an integral part of vision therapy.

Visual problems are common with those that have a diagnosis on the autism spectrum. Having a visual evaluation by a developmental optometrist may lead to treatment that can have a ripple effect on sensory development and integration.

2。
Roberto's Story
Dear Dr. Torgerson,

I wanted to provide this letter to let you know how valuable it has been for us to have Roberto complete Vision Therapy. Roberto was diagnosed when he was four years old with sensory integration dysfunction and more recently as having symptoms consistent with Aspergers’ Syndrome, on the Autism Spectrum. He has been in Occupational Therapy for three years and recently we have been working through an Applied Behavior Analysis (ABA) therapy. All together these ( and other treatments) make for a very hectic schedule, especially when you factor school into it; however, we believe Vision Therapy was an integral piece to Roberto’s continuing developmental improvements. He began vision therapy just before his sixth birthday. The homework sessions were frustrating and challenging at times but the therapy visits made it worthwhile for him to see his improvements.

Before vision therapy Roberto struggled with reading and had trouble maintaining eye-contact. Prior to going to Alderwood Vision Therapy, he had seen other optometrists who indicated his eye-teaming issues might require surgery. We were grateful for vision therapy – strengthening his eyes – as opposed to surgery. His overall coordination and level of alertness had been concerns and have impacted his performance at sports and in school. Since completing vision therapy, his ball handling skills and reading have greatly improved. The greatest asset for Roberto, though, was the exceptional staff at Alderwood Vision Therapy. Samantha has a deep understanding of Roberto’s overall issues and incorporated balance, response time, coordination and self regulation into vision therapy. The result has been improved ability to attend while at school and confidence in ball skills and reading.

Children on the autism spectrum end up having numerous appointments and difficult schedules. It may seem overwhelming to add vision therapy. But, I believe the investment Roberto has made in vision therapy, particularly at this age, will serve him for years to come.

I am very grateful for the caring, compassionate and professional staff at Alderwood Vision Therapy and believe it would be beneficial for children on the autism spectrum with vision issues.

Sincerely,

Jeanne Acutanza (mom to Roberto)

3。Temple Grandin, Ph.D, Speaks About Vision Problems in Autism
A world-renowned individual with autism, Temple Grandin spoke to the large gathering of developmental optometrists at the annual meeting of COVD in Phoenix, AZ, in 2003.

In 2006, Vintage Books released an expanded, second edition of Dr. Grandin’s classic book, “Thinking in Pictures: My Life with Autism”. Dr. Grandin made quite an impression the optometrists in attendance at her lecture and, judging by the content of her book, the converse is true as well.

On page 79, Dr. Grandin writes: “If visual processing problems are suspected, the child should see a developmental optometrist. This is a special eye doctor who can do therapy and exercises to help the processing problems that are inside the brain. In many of these children, the eye itself is normal but faulty wiring in the brain is causing the problem.”

It is vital to understand that children with autism may have normal eyesight (20/20), yet benefit from either special lenses or prisms, and active vision therapy. A new book just published in 2006 by a colleague of ours, Dr. Melvin Kaplan, explores the points made by Temple Grandin in much more detail. Dr, Kaplan’s book is entitled: “Seeing Through New Eyes: Changing the Lives of Children with Autism, Asperger Syndrome and other Developmental Disabilities through Vision Therapy”, and is published by Jessica Kingley Publishers.