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无碳水化合物饮食法--SCD

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发表于 2003-10-30 09:45:48 | 只看该作者 回帖奖励 |正序浏览 |阅读模式
无碳水化合物饮食法原来是针对肠道疾病的一种饮食疗法,近来,国外专家用到自闭孩子身上,发生了很多明显进步,包括对禁食无效的孩子。

我也听说国内有几个家长在采用,效果很好。

希望感兴趣的家长发表体会,交流经验。

毕竟全世界没有治疗自闭的确切疗法,大家都在探索,可我们没法等,毕竟我们的孩子在一天天长大。



下面是Miriam Jang M.D.的一个邮件,她的问答放到了另一篇里。



-----------------

Hi!



You may recall that I was looking into the Specific Carbohydrate diet. I

sent out a general question to my Autism Support Group as well as to Dr

Stephanie Cave, Dr Jackie McCandless as well as to Dr Sid Baker. Here are

the responses as well as info about the specific Carbo Diet in attachment

form as well as printed out form.



I will leave the decision up to you as far as what you want to do! As for

myself, I will be starting my son on this diet next week! Please give me

feed-back if you do try it and good luck!







From one parent:



"My son, Zack is 7 yrs. old and autistic.  I have had him GFCF since he was

2 1/2 yrs. old.  In June I switched to the Specific Carb. Diet and the

change is remarkable.  My son was king of yeast infections.  We did a 10

round of Spornox almost daily and a daily 1/2 dose of Lamisil to keep the

yeast at bay when on the GFCF diet.  When Dr. Kartzinel told me to go

without french fries for two weeks, we noticed no difference in Zack.  I now

realize that I didn't see a difference when I removed the fries because he

was still getting 2 muffins a day from Kinnickinnic and a 5-6 of their

chocolate chip cookies.  Both of these products are based on potato flour.

I thought we would crumble without our french fries, choc. chip cookies and

muffins.  We had two hard days.  I gave away about $250 of GFCF food because

I needed it out of my house.  The SC Diet muffins are excellent.  He ate

them when he had no other choice.  He loves the cinnamon cookies as much as

he loved the choc. chip muffins.  As for the fries...we just bit the bullet

and stopped cold turkey.  I told myself they were as bad for him as milk and

other gluten/casein loaded foods.  And you know what... we have not been on

lamisil or spornox since June.  ALL of my sons hyper-activity is 100% gone.

He is learning more and live is sooooo much better on this diet.  He still

gets all his meat/steak/chicken dishes that he loved.  He gets a very

watered down diet coke once a week.  If we eat out, I take a cooked chicken

or tri-tip for him to eat and we don't eat at places that he associates with

fries or potato chips.   My son was soooo picky, and still is, at eating.

But since being on the new diet he is now drinking smoothies daily.  I make

him a 4-6 ounce smoothie daily and put in 3 fruits with crushed ice.  So far

I have used strawberries, pineapple, bananas, blueberries, raspberries,

papaya, oranges and apples.  He won't eat these fruit, but he will drink

them!  In the muffins I am adding, bananas, carrots, cinnamon, blueberries,

strawberries, pineapples, persimmons, raisins and  cranberries.  He is now

eating a scrambled egg once a week.  All new foods for him.  His sleep is

much better.  On the GFCF diet he slept from 9 pm to 5:30 am.  Now he sleeps

from 9pm to 7 or 7:30 am.  This diet makes so much since.  The only sugar he

gets is from honey.  The only carbs is from the nuts.  You can't grow yeast

if their is nothing for it to live on.  I reduced my monthly allowance for

him by not buying antibiotics.  He is not hyper and therefore I can now have

him sit with us in church and take him places.  I 100% recommend this diet.

I use Ghee butter in all the recipes and I do the dairy free version of the

diet.  The first month, I gave him cheese and the yogurt and he was fine but

in 4 weeks I started seeing things I didn't like so I pulled the dairy.

This diet is working.  Hope this helps for you to promote it!"







From Dr Sid Baker:

Dear Miriam;



I am just beginning to get some experience with the SC Diet. I heard about

it from my friend Leo Galland years ago but developed a blind spot on it

until recently when it became the flavor of the month among web-moms. Now

that my eyes are opened to it, it does seem to me to fit our kids very well.

Leo's experience with it over the last 10 years is that it works so well

with Crohn's that it is his first priority in treatment. Considering that

autistic enteropathy is very close to Crohn's and that normalization of

flora in our kids is so difficult, it seems to me that the SCD should be

just the thing. Testimonials from reliable sources (Karen Seroussi) are very

convincing and some of the kids in my practice who have gone on SCD make it

look very good so far - including one of my toughest of all kids whose

initial reaction was 3 weeks of horrendous diarrhea and wall climbing, but

who then (so far) has settled down with normal poops and better behavior..

Let me know what you think of it as you try it...

All the best, Sid.



From Dr Stephanie Cave:



Dear Miriam,

I have used the diet for years for inflammatory bowel disease.  Complex

carbohydrates are the most indigestible foods we have.  It would seem to fit

with these children since the majority seem to have inflammatory bowel

disease.

Stephanie



From Dr Jackie McCandless:



"Jury is out on the SCD - I have put a few of my patients with recalcitrant

gut disorders on it and two out of the three became extremely ill, one

regressing so badly the parents were heartbroken.  We didn't know the kids

cannot have honey for quite awhile after they've been on it, or dairy either

for many of them.  This diet is new for me and I am not conversant with the

details of it.  The high nut flours are bad for the copper accumulators too,

so even though the diet zealots are at it like crazy, I am still circumspect

until more evidence comes in.  However, many parents are reporting a healthy

stool and gut for the first time in their kids (on the list) so it is worthy

of investigation.  I believe there will be a subset of kids that need this."









Info on what this diet is:







WHAT IS THE SPECIFIC CARBOHYDRATE DIET?



The Specific Carbohydrate Diet is a scientific diet that is based on

chemistry, biology, and clinical studies.



The selection of foods that are allowed on the SpecificCarbohydrate Diet is

based on the chemical structure of these foods. Carbohydrates are classified

by their molecular structure. The allowed carbohydrates have a molecular

structure that is small enough to be transported across the small intestinal

surface into the bloodstream. These carbohydrates do not need to be broken

down by various processes of the digestive organs such as the pancreas or

the intestinal cells' surface enzymes.



The Specific Carbohydrate Diet is biologically correct because it is species

appropriate.The allowed foods are those that early man ate before the

agricultural revolution. The diet of early man is one of meat, fish, eggs,

vegetables, nuts, low-sugar fruits, and certain oils. Starches, grains,

pasta, legumes, and breads have only been consumed for a mere 10,000 years.

Many people are not adapted to these types of foods yet.



The Specific Carbohydrate Diet was clinically tested for over 50 years by Dr

Haas and biochemist Elaine Gottschall with great results.



The Specific Carbohydrate Diet was designed for patients with other

intestinal diseases but has been "found" by some of us with autistic

children, and we are also getting great results.



HOW DOES IT WORK?



When the diseased intestines are inflamed from the effects of dysbiosis,they

cannot break down the molecules that are too large to enter the holes of the

stomach. Those undigested starch/sugar molecules serve as a continual source

of food for bacteria and fungi.The premise of the Specific Carbohydrate Diet

is removal of all sources of carbohydrates whose molecular structure is too

large for entry into the holes of the intestines.



Removing starches and sugars results in a correction of dysbiosis, which

then results in a decrease in intestinal inflammation and allows the gastro

intestinal tract to heal.



Why SCD is better than GF/CF?



SCD gives you the benefits of GF/CF. SCD is completely gluten free,even more

so than GF/CF because many things that are allowed on GF/CF have some

gluten.Corn and buckwheat are examples. The children implementing Dairy-Free

SCD are completely casein free.and the children who implement goat/SCD get

casein without the harmful opioids.The 24 hour fermentation required for SCD

yogurt renders the casein harmless,moreover the casein in goat milk does not

have the harmful opioids found in cow milk.Goat milk is optional and can be

replaced by probiotics



However it is important to treat the cause of the gluten and casein

intolerance rather than just treat the symptoms.



GFCF means no gluten, no dairy. Just that, just excluding the most common

culprits. SCD looks at things from a more scientific perspective and takes

things a step further. SCD looks at the structure of the gut wall.



The gutwall is severely damaged. So why not try to repair the damage,

instead of patching up and supplementing bits and pieces? And how many

parents mention problems with corn, rice and soy?



To heal the gut you have to look at what the body is ABLE to digest. What is

food made of, what needs to be digested, how and where. Biggest trouble lies

in carbohydrates and the combination with pathogenic bacteria, yeast and

parasites.The latest research confirms this conclusion. The research of

Horvath (University of Maryland)and Buie(Harvard) found carbohydrate

malabsorption in ASD children,while the work of Shaw reports gut

microorganisms to be the culprit in ASD.



In a nutshell SCD is: remove ALL starch and sugar. That kills off the

yeast/bacterial overgrowth. Malabsorption decreases. Heal with the SCD

yogurt or probiotics. This repopulates the gut with the "good bugs".

Digestion normalizes. So does behavior, cognitive development, language

development, etc. It works.



Can you combine SCD with GF/CF?



SCD was originally developed as a diet for celiac disease thus SCD is

already gluten-free. Dr Haas, the doctor who pioneered SCD, spent many years

investigating which foods celiacs could tolerate. He found out that people

with celiac disease could tolerate lactose free dairy. So, certain dairy

products, such as yogurt , are allowed on the SC diet. However, most of the

parents of ASD children who are implementing the SC diet are very reluctant

to try any kind of dairy and avoid it even though the lactose free dairy is

allowed on the SC Diet. So, there are children who remain strictly GF/CF and

dairy free while being on the SCD diet and yet receive a well balanced diet

packed with needed nutrients. Fortunately it is easy to combine the 2 diets

because there is a great SCD cookbook, which is mostly dairy free.



What happened to those brave parents who gave their child goat milk yogurt?

They were surprised by their child's dramatic improvement on the yogurt. It

seems that the casein in goat yogurt is more digestigble and does not

contain opioids .Yogurt is remarkably healing food. Unlike gluten that stays

in the body for 8 months, casein stays in the body for less than 10 days

days so trying yogurt is not risky . Now that SCD parents are networking

with each other, more parents are getting brave and trying the goat yogurt.

The decision as to whether to try the yogurt or not remains with the

parents.



Can you get carbohydrates on this diet?



You can get lots of carbs on this diet.You replace rice and potato with

squash,bananas,peas,avocados, and almond flour muffins . These carbohydrates

are easier to digest and more nutritious for you.



Can my child eat delicious food on this diet?



Of course! SCD has been used by thousands of patients with GI problems.

There are already some recipes available for candies,Dairy free ice cream,

cookies, cakes, and other sweets. Others are being developed daily! The list

serve members are so clever at creating great recipes that replicate

favorite foods. Honey replaces sugar and almond flour tastes better than

either wheat or rice flour. Ther are many kinds of food on this website

www.SCDrecipe.com



Is the SC Diet a healthy diet?



It has been found that primitive people have less degenerative diseases than

modern people. One theory is that many illnesses developed after we started

using grains. The grains are harder to digest, interfering with the

absorption of needed nutrients, and, of course, the elimination of toxins.

What did primitive people eat?



Their diet consisted of fruits ,vegetables, meat, seeds, nuts and eggs. All

these foods are permitted on the SC Diet.Seeds are allowed after being 3

months on the diet.



Is there a bad initial reaction upon starting the diet?



(from Elaine) Getting back to the first week or so on SCD: it often happens

that things look a bit worse and what frightens many Moms and Dads is that

the color of the stool can become bizarre shades of green and yellow. This

color change is a good sign: bacterial metabolism is CHANGING. The change is

affecting the bile salts and, therefore, the color change.



Children just starting out on the SCD may have an unusual appetite. The

yeast in their bodies is no longer being fed with carbohydrates and sugars

so they'll be craving high carbohydrates foods initially. The initial

reaction to the diet can be frightening - a sickly, cranky, tired child. GI

problems can also worsen.



Where do I find a cookbook that is both SCD and GF/CF



There is a SCD cookbook with mostly dairy free recipes.There are more than

150 recipes in the book.The dairy recipes are in a separate section; only

about 12 recipes contain dairy. According to the rules of SCD you are

advised to wait about 3 months before eating bean products. A few of the

recipes in this book call for bean flour ;so you MUST substitute almond

flour for the bean flour. My kids love the recipes that I made from this

book. My daughter stopped complaining about the diet after I got inspired by

it.



The name of the book is:

SCD WITH TASTE AND TRADITION

www.digestivewellness.com

Tel/Fax :845 356 3504



There are dairy free recipes in this website.



Can I just give probiotics instead of doing SCD?



No, absolutely not. Using probiotics without altering diet is setting the

stage for overgrowth and intestinal dysbiosis. Probiotics are usually

bacteria that ferment carbohydrates. In order for them to have desirable

effects, we must keep the new bacterial numbers down, not give them fuel to

overgrow, as some of the pathological types have already done.



Isn't rice a super-food ?



There are 2 main reasons why children who have weak digestive systems or ASD

should avoid rice:



1.     Rice is a grain. It contains anti-nutrients that are part of any

grain seed's system of preservation, which prevents sprouting until the

conditions are right. Anti-nutrients in whole grains include irritating

tannins, complex sugars which the body cannot break down, and enzyme

inhibitors which affect digestion and put stress on the pancreas. A weak

digestive system cannot break down complex sugars such as those in rice, nor

can it utilize them. These unused carbohydrates become food and fuel for the

intestinal pathogens, which proceed to take over, poisoning the intestinal

tract and blood stream, as well as impairing brain and nervous system

functioning.



2.     Genetically engineered rice, which is fortified with iron, is now

being produced. See http://www.biotech-info.net/rice_boost.html



Reports show that too much iron is as much of a danger as other toxic metals

for ASD children (and all people except pregnant women and anemics.) There

is a yahoo group with very scientific discussions about ASD and the danger

of excessive iron. Dangers of excessive iron for all people is discussed at

www.healingcrow.org.



What is the relationship between PST, Feingold, salicylates, and SCD?



Does anyone have a child that is on the SCD and has problems with the PST

pathway? I am wondering if you have given your child any of the foods that

are high in salicylates that you avoided previously, such as apples,

tomatoes, berries, etc.? And have you had any problems with it?



Caroline writes: "Our son has always been very sensitive to the PST pathway

type foods - apples, grapes, tomatoes, chocolate and especially oranges.

About 8 months ago we cut his starch intake drastically (though not

completely) and substituted fruit instead. We are not completely SCD yet

(working towards that), but he is having very little starch. I was surprised

to find that he was able to tolerate the fruit without problems. He is

having apples, grapes, raspberries, blueberries, strawberries and oranges

maybe 2 or 3 times a day, and we have seen no red ears or cheeks. In a

typical day he will have 1 apple, a small portion of grapes, 2 or 3 little

oranges. I suspect that overall the load on his detoxification pathways have

been reduced (less starch = less yeast = less toxic byproducts = less

detoxification required) and so he is able to tolerate things which

previously would have caused behavioral problems."



A damaged digestive system causes allergies and problems with the PST

pathway. When the gut heals, these problems go away and the child is able to

eat foods that he previously was unable to tolerate. A note of precaution:

buying organic fruit is always the best option whenever possible as sprays

have been known to cause severe problems.



I am confused about choosing the right diet for my child with ASD. Which

diet should I use: GF/CF, Feingold, Ketogenic or SCD?



Gluten sensitivity (GF) and intolerance to salicylates (Feingold) are

symptoms of a damaged digestive system overrun with intestinal pathogens.

When the health of the gut is restored, these symptoms disappear. Because

SCD reaches to the root cause of these problems by restoring the health of

the digestive system, we highly recommend the Specific Carbohydrate Diet as

the optimal choice for a child with ASD. It is better to cure the underlying

cause than just try to treat the symptoms.



Both SCD and the Ketogenic diet control seizures. Which should I choose for

maximum effectiveness?



SCD is both easier and healthier. Both Dr. Karoly Horvath and his colleagues

at the Department of Pediatrics at the University of Maryland, and Dr.

Timothy Buie, a Pediatric Specialist at Harvard/Mass General Hospital, found

that carbohydrate malabsorption may be the cause of many gastrointestinal

symptoms seen in autistic children including abdominal pain, gas, bloating,

and chronic diarrhea or loose stools. The latest research on the problems of

the digestive systems of children with ASD proves the superiority of the

Specific Carbohydrate Diet as a treatment for ASD.



Why is it important to do SCD while chelating?



It is important as a supportive measure. Healing the GI tract and getting

rid of the intestinal pathogens restores and enhances the body's ability to

detoxify naturally.



SCD is also the ideal diet to do before attempting chelation, since SCD

heals Leaky Gut Syndrome and Inflammatory Bowel Disease, which are

counterproductive to the process. (These conditions are present in most ASD

children.) Counterproductive because if present during chelation, a leaky

gut would allow the toxic metals to reenter the blood stream and bodily

systems, and an inflamed bowel's irritaiton level would only be worsened by

the presence of these toxic metals.



Some parents choose not to chelate, and just follow the slow, steady,

strengthening path of SCD, using Vitamin C for a more gentle detoxification

instead. The decision whether to chelate or not chelate is one to be made by

the parents.



During chelation detox, the now mobilized heavy metals can linger in the

bowel for anywhere from 6 to 24 hours, or even more, before evacuation takes

place. The bowel of a healthy person may not be prone to free radical

damage, but the damaged bowel of the toxic patient is at the very least an

area for added concern and monitoring. The use of Vitamin C will quicken the

evacuation of the toxic heavy metals from the body.



Do Enzymes replace SCD?



Even Karen DeFelice who believes that enzymes can replace the GF/CF diet

realizes that enzymes cannot replace the SC diet. Here is the answer from

Karen DeFelice, author of "Enzymes for Autism":



"Enzymes can help be helpful in many situations. However, as far as a

replacement for ANY diet, it depends entirely on the diet, the enzymes, the

person, and the goal. And I don't think they can be considered as a

'replacement' for SCD. They do break down foods, but in this case, you

probably don't want to count on that. It could undermine your efforts. As

Sonya noted, they can be a helpful supplement for those who are having a

harder time digesting even the legal foods on the SCD. For one thing, there

isn't much information at all showing that enzymes plus adding in 'just a

few illegals' is even effective, even though theoretically that may happen

for some people. The gut needs to heal first, and the pathogens brought

under control.



Here are a few more thoughts I had later:



  a.. there may be other things in liquid milk besides the actual lactose

that are problematic. So if you just take lactase with milk, the other

'stuff' may get through. In particular I am thinking of the casein protein

which often may not be sufficiently digested, and which an injured intestine

is not ready to cope with. Also, many commercial milks include

preservatives, which enzymes do not affect and which may cause a negative

reaction. Some of the improvement on SCD may be due to just eating a diet

without all the processing chemicals in it. For those with autism and

attention deficit conditions, this may be a significant factor. This would

be the same with other foods.

  b.. I personally have no idea, nor have I seen any research showing that

enzymes can break down stuff like xanthum gum, guar gum, sucralose, and

other such things that become pathogen food directly (it might be there, but

I haven't seen it and it would take enzymes besides the commonly used ones

at that and probably at doses above what the average product contains).

(Editor?s note: Other people have written in discussions on the list about

enzymes. They have reported that in general, enzymes only break down about

40% of a food.)



  a.. you might be able to wolf down enough enzymes to break down all the

food you eat but I don't have any idea what that would be...and if you find

that you need to take $5 or more worth of enzymes to eat one muffin, it

becomes highly questionable if that is the most practical course, even if

you could afford it." -Karen.

I have a terribly picky eater, will I be able to do this diet?



I have the world's pickiest eater who has been doing the diet for over a

year and is quite happy with her food choices. Sometimes kids are picky

because they are self-limiting, sometimes they are picky for sensory

reasons, sometimes they are picky for who knows what reason. My daughter was

picky for all of the above reasons. She was previously self-limited to pasta

and potatoes and refused all animal proteins and vegetables. At the time

which we transitioned her to SCD we had eliminated all sweets from her diet

in order to fight yeast (we should have been eliminating starches, but

that's another matter) and, as such, she hadn't had anything that looked

like a baked good for a really long time. Pulling out the SCD muffins

sweetened with just a touch of honey immediately distracted her from her

beloved potatoes and pasta.



To ease her into the diet, we told her that we were only going to do it for

a short time (a couple weeks, or months, something like that) to see if it

helped her poops and, if it didn't we'd go back to her old foods. Well, in

three weeks time, she was producing trophy after trophy and, you know what,

she never asked about her old foods. She has never complained about this

diet because I think she feels the difference. I should also note that, with

the absence of those starches she began eating animal protein with every

meal as if, of course, she's always liked the stuff.



To get around her not eating vegetables, I realized that it was probably a

sensory issue and that, maybe, she would drink her vegetables. We steamed a

selection of greens then pureed them with water and salt and refridgerated.

At first we required only that she drink a 1/4 glass of the stuff. She

balked, she tantrumed and, I confess, we lied: We told her the doctor said

she had to gulp it down just like she takes her vitamins. That seemed to

have an impact on her and she took the stuff. Slowly we increased the amount

and now she has a full glass with every meal and, actually, even requests it

at times.



Many parents of picky eaters report that their children become much more

adventurous after a time on SCD. As the gut heals, cravings for harmful

foods should fade and sensory issues often (but not always) improve. In the

case of my daughter, unfortunately, picky eating must also be somewhat

genetic as her NT sister and father are almost as difficult as she is.

Still, she is happy with her SCD foods. While she is somewhat repetitive

with her choices, I know that they are healthy choices that are helping her

gut to heal, so I am not very preoccupied with rotatations and variety as I

was when she was GFCFEVERYTHINGELSEF. For most meals she has chicken, a

walnut-pecan muffin, goat yogurt, and her veggie drink. Redundant, yes.

Balanced and nutritious, I think so.



I don't think I can do this diet because my child is already high in copper

and nuts are so high in copper. (or) I don't think I can do this diet

because almonds are so high in phenols and my child is phenol sensetive.



While it may appear that nuts, especially almonds, are an indispensable part

of the diet, many have done the diet without them. ElainesChildren

listmembers have researched this issue extensively since many ASD kids have

these problems and here is what we've learned: Most nuts do, in fact, have

copper, but they also have zinc which balances the copper. The key is

choosing nuts that balance in favor of zinc over copper. One list member

found research indicating that peanuts and pecans are favorable choices for

our high-copper kids in this regard. Another listmember also learned that

walnuts and pecans are lower in phenols than almonds.



When I started this diet I didn't know any of this. All I knew was that my

daughter had drug-addictive like behaviours for almond-flour products, and

mushy stools shortly after eating almond flour products. Through trial and

error, we learned that she could tolerate our homemade walnut-pecan flour

just fine. It's a much stronger flavor than the almonds, so it is not quite

as versatile. However, the flavor is delicious and her walnut-pecan muffins

taste almost chocolaty. And the really good news is that we learned, eleven

months into the diet, that she could tolerate limited amounts of almond

flour products without a problem.



For those who can't do any nuts, there is still lots that can be enjoyed

with meat, veggies and SCD-legal dairy. Jen Young's son Colin, who

reportedly recovered from this diet alone, couldn't do any nuts for a while

and ate, basically, meat, veggies and SCDgoat yogurt. So it can be done!



How about antifungals - can they replace SCD?



No - that would almost certainly make conditions worse - but they can

occasionally be used in conjunction with SCD and probiotics.



There are a number of problems with antifungals. For one thing, many

intestinal pathogens are becoming resistant to antifungals. When you treat

for one fungus, yeast, mold or bacteria and wipe it out, another kind of

pathogen suddenly gets a lot food and flourishes.



The intestine is like a city - on average there are 4,000 different kinds of

microorganisms in residence. We want to do our utmost to help the desirable

citizens gain the upper hand and control the most space. Strengthening them

by providing the right environment is our best approach and we can do this

most effectively with SCD. Once we have accomplished this, these beneficial

community-minded organisms will be able keep the balance on their own,

unless they are subjected to trauma, like a course of anti-biotics.



If we use anti-fungals to wipe out entire neighborhoods of pathogens, but do

not provide



  a.. beneficial microorganisms to replace them, and

  b.. the correct diet to support the continued presence of the beneficials

then we leave open territory for other pathogenic organisms to colonize and

grow.



For another thing, anti-fungals are hard on the liver. DAN ("Defeat Autism

Now") Dr. Jaquelyn McCandless describes these problems in her book "Children

with Starving Brains". A phenomenon known as "die-off" that accompanies use

of anti-fungals can cause quite a strain on the bodily systems and emotions.



In some stubborn cases, healing of the intestine is given a jump start when

anti-fungals are used in conjunction with probiotics. The probiotics provide

healthy intestinal bacteria to take over the empty space in the gut vacated

by the victims of the anti-fungal. However, due to the harshness of

anti-fungals, and the negative effects on the body caused by the "die-off"

of microorganisms, it is preferable to proceed without them, and rely on the

steady, reliable healing power of SCD. Following the diet will allow the

body to heal itself over time. On the whole, the positive strengthening

approach of SCD is less debilitating to the bodily systems than a course of

anti-fungals.



Some parents have found that working with herbal anti-fungals with the

guidance of a naturopath is much less traumatic to their child's system than

the stronger pharmaceutical varieties. This can allow them to gain the upper

hand against the pathogens a little more gently, if necessary. In either

case, before using anti-fungals, it is important to have your child's

intestinal flora tested to insure that the one you select will target her

particular intestinal pathogens.



Also, it is not possible, nor is it desirable in some cases, to completely

eradicate the pathogens. Candida yeast is a good example. It commonly

achieves overgrowth conditions in the body, causing many uncomfortable

symptoms - even killing people with severely weakened immune systems - and

yet without it we would die. Most intestinal microorganisms become

pathogenic only when the proper intestinal balance is upset for some reason

and they are allowed to grow out of control. Even after a person has been

healed, following the SCD diet will minimize any chance of that ever

reoccuring, as there will be no food source available to support a

pathological overgrowth.



Miriam Jang M.D.





2#
 楼主| 发表于 2003-10-30 09:48:31 | 只看该作者

Re:无碳水化合物饮食法--SCD

下面是Miriam Jang M.D.

的问题解答,很有参考价值。因为格式原因,不很明了。



WHAT IS THE SPECIFIC CARBOHYDRATE DIET?

The Specific Carbohydrate Diet is a scientific diet that is based on chemistry, biology, and clinical studies.

The selection of foods that are allowed on the SpecificCarbohydrate Diet is based on the chemical structure of these foods. Carbohydrates are classified by their molecular structure. The allowed carbohydrates have a molecular structure that is small enough to be transported across the small intestinal surface into the bloodstream. These carbohydrates do not need to be broken down by various processes of the digestive organs such as the pancreas or the intestinal cells' surface enzymes.

The Specific Carbohydrate Diet is biologically correct because it is species appropriate.The allowed foods are those that early man ate before the agricultural revolution. The diet of early man is one of meat, fish, eggs, vegetables, nuts, low-sugar fruits, and certain oils. Starches, grains, pasta, legumes, and breads have only been consumed for a mere 10,000 years. Many people are not adapted to these types of foods yet.

The Specific Carbohydrate Diet was clinically tested for over 50 years by Dr Haas and biochemist Elaine Gottschall with great results.

The Specific Carbohydrate Diet was designed for patients with other intestinal diseases but has been "found" by some of us with autistic children, and we are also getting great results.

HOW DOES IT WORK?

When the diseased intestines are inflamed from the effects of dysbiosis,they cannot break down the molecules that are too large to enter the holes of the stomach. Those undigested starch/sugar molecules serve as a continual source of food for bacteria and fungi.The premise of the Specific Carbohydrate Diet is removal of all sources of carbohydrates whose molecular structure is too large for entry into the holes of the intestines.

Removing starches and sugars results in a correction of dysbiosis, which then results in a decrease in intestinal inflammation and allows the gastro intestinal tract to heal.

Why SCD is better than GF/CF?

SCD gives you the benefits of GF/CF. SCD is completely gluten free,even more so than GF/CF because many things that are allowed on GF/CF have some gluten.Corn and buckwheat are examples. The children implementing Dairy-Free SCD are completely casein free.and the children who implement goat/SCD get casein without the harmful opioids.The 24 hour fermentation required for SCD yogurt renders the casein harmless,moreover the casein in goat milk does not have the harmful opioids found in cow milk.Goat milk is optional and can be replaced by probiotics

However it is important to treat the cause of the gluten and casein intolerance rather than just treat the symptoms.

GFCF means no gluten, no dairy. Just that, just excluding the most common culprits. SCD looks at things from a more scientific perspective and takes things a step further. SCD looks at the structure of the gut wall.

The gutwall is severely damaged. So why not try to repair the damage, instead of patching up and supplementing bits and pieces? And how many parents mention problems with corn, rice and soy?

To heal the gut you have to look at what the body is ABLE to digest. What is food made of, what needs to be digested, how and where. Biggest trouble lies in carbohydrates and the combination with pathogenic bacteria, yeast and parasites.The latest research confirms this conclusion. The research of Horvath (University of Maryland)and Buie(Harvard) found carbohydrate malabsorption in ASD children,while the work of Shaw reports gut microorganisms to be the culprit in ASD.

In a nutshell SCD is: remove ALL starch and sugar. That kills off the yeast/bacterial overgrowth. Malabsorption decreases. Heal with the SCD yogurt or probiotics. This repopulates the gut with the "good bugs". Digestion normalizes. So does behavior, cognitive development, language development, etc. It works.

Can you combine SCD with GF/CF?

SCD was originally developed as a diet for celiac disease thus SCD is already gluten-free. Dr Haas, the doctor who pioneered SCD, spent many years investigating which foods celiacs could tolerate. He found out that people with celiac disease could tolerate lactose free dairy. So, certain dairy products, such as yogurt , are allowed on the SC diet. However, most of the parents of ASD children who are implementing the SC diet are very reluctant to try any kind of dairy and avoid it even though the lactose free dairy is allowed on the SC Diet. So, there are children who remain strictly GF/CF and dairy free while being on the SCD diet and yet receive a well balanced diet packed with needed nutrients. Fortunately it is easy to combine the 2 diets because there is a great SCD cookbook, which is mostly dairy free.

What happened to those brave parents who gave their child goat milk yogurt? They were surprised by their child's dramatic improvement on the yogurt. It seems that the casein in goat yogurt is more digestigble and does not contain opioids .Yogurt is remarkably healing food. Unlike gluten that stays in the body for 8 months, casein stays in the body for less than 10 days days so trying yogurt is not risky . Now that SCD parents are networking with each other, more parents are getting brave and trying the goat yogurt. The decision as to whether to try the yogurt or not remains with the parents.

Can you get carbohydrates on this diet?

You can get lots of carbs on this diet.You replace rice and potato with squash,bananas,peas,avocados, and almond flour muffins . These carbohydrates are easier to digest and more nutritious for you.

Can my child eat delicious food on this diet?

Of course! SCD has been used by thousands of patients with GI problems. There are already some recipes available for candies,Dairy free ice cream, cookies, cakes, and other sweets. Others are being developed daily! The list serve members are so clever at creating great recipes that replicate favorite foods. Honey replaces sugar and almond flour tastes better than either wheat or rice flour. Ther are many kinds of food on this website www.SCDrecipe.com

Is the SC Diet a healthy diet?

It has been found that primitive people have less degenerative diseases than modern people. One theory is that many illnesses developed after we started using grains. The grains are harder to digest, interfering with the absorption of needed nutrients, and, of course, the elimination of toxins. What did primitive people eat?

Their diet consisted of fruits ,vegetables, meat, seeds, nuts and eggs. All these foods are permitted on the SC Diet.Seeds are allowed after being 3 months on the diet.

Is there a bad initial reaction upon starting the diet?

(from Elaine) Getting back to the first week or so on SCD: it often happens that things look a bit worse and what frightens many Moms and Dads is that the color of the stool can become bizarre shades of green and yellow. This color change is a good sign: bacterial metabolism is CHANGING. The change is affecting the bile salts and, therefore, the color change.

Children just starting out on the SCD may have an unusual appetite. The yeast in their bodies is no longer being fed with carbohydrates and sugars so they'll be craving high carbohydrates foods initially. The initial reaction to the diet can be frightening - a sickly, cranky, tired child. GI problems can also worsen.

Where do I find a cookbook that is both SCD and GF/CF

There is a SCD cookbook with mostly dairy free recipes.There are more than 150 recipes in the book.The dairy recipes are in a separate section; only about 12 recipes contain dairy. According to the rules of SCD you are advised to wait about 3 months before eating bean products. A few of the recipes in this book call for bean flour ;so you MUST substitute almond flour for the bean flour. My kids love the recipes that I made from this book. My daughter stopped complaining about the diet after I got inspired by it.

The name of the book is:

SCD WITH TASTE AND TRADITION

www.digestivewellness.com

Tel/Fax :845 356 3504

There are dairy free recipes in this website.

Can I just give probiotics instead of doing SCD?

No, absolutely not. Using probiotics without altering diet is setting the stage for overgrowth and intestinal dysbiosis. Probiotics are usually bacteria that ferment carbohydrates. In order for them to have desirable effects, we must keep the new bacterial numbers down, not give them fuel to overgrow, as some of the pathological types have already done.

Isn't rice a super-food ?

There are 2 main reasons why children who have weak digestive systems or ASD should avoid rice:

1.        Rice is a grain. It contains anti-nutrients that are part of any grain seed's system of preservation, which prevents sprouting until the conditions are right. Anti-nutrients in whole grains include irritating tannins, complex sugars which the body cannot break down, and enzyme inhibitors which affect digestion and put stress on the pancreas. A weak digestive system cannot break down complex sugars such as those in rice, nor can it utilize them. These unused carbohydrates become food and fuel for the intestinal pathogens, which proceed to take over, poisoning the intestinal tract and blood stream, as well as impairing brain and nervous system functioning.

2.        Genetically engineered rice, which is fortified with iron, is now being produced. See http://www.biotech-info.net/rice_boost.html

Reports show that too much iron is as much of a danger as other toxic metals for ASD children (and all people except pregnant women and anemics.) There is a yahoo group with very scientific discussions about ASD and the danger of excessive iron. Dangers of excessive iron for all people is discussed at www.healingcrow.org.

What is the relationship between PST, Feingold, salicylates, and SCD?

Does anyone have a child that is on the SCD and has problems with the PST pathway? I am wondering if you have given your child any of the foods that are high in salicylates that you avoided previously, such as apples, tomatoes, berries, etc.? And have you had any problems with it?

Caroline writes: "Our son has always been very sensitive to the PST pathway type foods - apples, grapes, tomatoes, chocolate and especially oranges. About 8 months ago we cut his starch intake drastically (though not completely) and substituted fruit instead. We are not completely SCD yet (working towards that), but he is having very little starch. I was surprised to find that he was able to tolerate the fruit without problems. He is having apples, grapes, raspberries, blueberries, strawberries and oranges maybe 2 or 3 times a day, and we have seen no red ears or cheeks. In a typical day he will have 1 apple, a small portion of grapes, 2 or 3 little oranges. I suspect that overall the load on his detoxification pathways have been reduced (less starch = less yeast = less toxic byproducts = less detoxification required) and so he is able to tolerate things which previously would have caused behavioral problems."

A damaged digestive system causes allergies and problems with the PST pathway. When the gut heals, these problems go away and the child is able to eat foods that he previously was unable to tolerate. A note of precaution: buying organic fruit is always the best option whenever possible as sprays have been known to cause severe problems.

I am confused about choosing the right diet for my child with ASD. Which diet should I use: GF/CF, Feingold, Ketogenic or SCD?

Gluten sensitivity (GF) and intolerance to salicylates (Feingold) are symptoms of a damaged digestive system overrun with intestinal pathogens. When the health of the gut is restored, these symptoms disappear. Because SCD reaches to the root cause of these problems by restoring the health of the digestive system, we highly recommend the Specific Carbohydrate Diet as the optimal choice for a child with ASD. It is better to cure the underlying cause than just try to treat the symptoms.

Both SCD and the Ketogenic diet control seizures. Which should I choose for maximum effectiveness?

SCD is both easier and healthier. Both Dr. Karoly Horvath and his colleagues at the Department of Pediatrics at the University of Maryland, and Dr. Timothy Buie, a Pediatric Specialist at Harvard/Mass General Hospital, found that carbohydrate malabsorption may be the cause of many gastrointestinal symptoms seen in autistic children including abdominal pain, gas, bloating, and chronic diarrhea or loose stools. The latest research on the problems of the digestive systems of children with ASD proves the superiority of the Specific Carbohydrate Diet as a treatment for ASD.

Why is it important to do SCD while chelating?

It is important as a supportive measure. Healing the GI tract and getting rid of the intestinal pathogens restores and enhances the body's ability to detoxify naturally.

SCD is also the ideal diet to do before attempting chelation, since SCD heals Leaky Gut Syndrome and Inflammatory Bowel Disease, which are counterproductive to the process. (These conditions are present in most ASD children.) Counterproductive because if present during chelation, a leaky gut would allow the toxic metals to reenter the blood stream and bodily systems, and an inflamed bowel's irritaiton level would only be worsened by the presence of these toxic metals.

Some parents choose not to chelate, and just follow the slow, steady, strengthening path of SCD, using Vitamin C for a more gentle detoxification instead. The decision whether to chelate or not chelate is one to be made by the parents.

During chelation detox, the now mobilized heavy metals can linger in the bowel for anywhere from 6 to 24 hours, or even more, before evacuation takes place. The bowel of a healthy person may not be prone to free radical damage, but the damaged bowel of the toxic patient is at the very least an area for added concern and monitoring. The use of Vitamin C will quicken the evacuation of the toxic heavy metals from the body.

Do Enzymes replace SCD?

Even Karen DeFelice who believes that enzymes can replace the GF/CF diet realizes that enzymes cannot replace the SC diet. Here is the answer from Karen DeFelice, author of "Enzymes for Autism":

"Enzymes can help be helpful in many situations. However, as far as a replacement for ANY diet, it depends entirely on the diet, the enzymes, the person, and the goal. And I don't think they can be considered as a 'replacement' for SCD. They do break down foods, but in this case, you probably don't want to count on that. It could undermine your efforts. As Sonya noted, they can be a helpful supplement for those who are having a harder time digesting even the legal foods on the SCD. For one thing, there isn't much information at all showing that enzymes plus adding in 'just a few illegals' is even effective, even though theoretically that may happen for some people. The gut needs to heal first, and the pathogens brought under control.

Here are a few more thoughts I had later:

·        there may be other things in liquid milk besides the actual lactose that are problematic. So if you just take lactase with milk, the other 'stuff' may get through. In particular I am thinking of the casein protein which often may not be sufficiently digested, and which an injured intestine is not ready to cope with. Also, many commercial milks include preservatives, which enzymes do not affect and which may cause a negative reaction. Some of the improvement on SCD may be due to just eating a diet without all the processing chemicals in it. For those with autism and attention deficit conditions, this may be a significant factor. This would be the same with other foods.

·        I personally have no idea, nor have I seen any research showing that enzymes can break down stuff like xanthum gum, guar gum, sucralose, and other such things that become pathogen food directly (it might be there, but I haven't seen it and it would take enzymes besides the commonly used ones at that and probably at doses above what the average product contains).

(Editor�s note: Other people have written in discussions on the list about enzymes. They have reported that in general, enzymes only break down about 40% of a food.)

·        you might be able to wolf down enough enzymes to break down all the food you eat but I don't have any idea what that would be...and if you find that you need to take $5 or more worth of enzymes to eat one muffin, it becomes highly questionable if that is the most practical course, even if you could afford it." -Karen.

I have a terribly picky eater, will I be able to do this diet?

I have the world's pickiest eater who has been doing the diet for over a year and is quite happy with her food choices. Sometimes kids are picky because they are self-limiting, sometimes they are picky for sensory reasons, sometimes they are picky for who knows what reason. My daughter was picky for all of the above reasons. She was previously self-limited to pasta and potatoes and refused all animal proteins and vegetables. At the time which we transitioned her to SCD we had eliminated all sweets from her diet in order to fight yeast (we should have been eliminating starches, but that's another matter) and, as such, she hadn't had anything that looked like a baked good for a really long time. Pulling out the SCD muffins sweetened with just a touch of honey immediately distracted her from her beloved potatoes and pasta.

To ease her into the diet, we told her that we were only going to do it for a short time (a couple weeks, or months, something like that) to see if it helped her poops and, if it didn't we'd go back to her old foods. Well, in three weeks time, she was producing trophy after trophy and, you know what, she never asked about her old foods. She has never complained about this diet because I think she feels the difference. I should also note that, with the absence of those starches she began eating animal protein with every meal as if, of course, she's always liked the stuff.

To get around her not eating vegetables, I realized that it was probably a sensory issue and that, maybe, she would drink her vegetables. We steamed a selection of greens then pureed them with water and salt and refridgerated. At first we required only that she drink a 1/4 glass of the stuff. She balked, she tantrumed and, I confess, we lied: We told her the doctor said she had to gulp it down just like she takes her vitamins. That seemed to have an impact on her and she took the stuff. Slowly we increased the amount and now she has a full glass with every meal and, actually, even requests it at times.

Many parents of picky eaters report that their children become much more adventurous after a time on SCD. As the gut heals, cravings for harmful foods should fade and sensory issues often (but not always) improve. In the case of my daughter, unfortunately, picky eating must also be somewhat genetic as her NT sister and father are almost as difficult as she is. Still, she is happy with her SCD foods. While she is somewhat repetitive with her choices, I know that they are healthy choices that are helping her gut to heal, so I am not very preoccupied with rotatations and variety as I was when she was GFCFEVERYTHINGELSEF. For most meals she has chicken, a walnut-pecan muffin, goat yogurt, and her veggie drink. Redundant, yes. Balanced and nutritious, I think so.

I don't think I can do this diet because my child is already high in copper and nuts are so high in copper. (or) I don't think I can do this diet because almonds are so high in phenols and my child is phenol sensetive.

While it may appear that nuts, especially almonds, are an indispensable part of the diet, many have done the diet without them. ElainesChildren listmembers have researched this issue extensively since many ASD kids have these problems and here is what we've learned: Most nuts do, in fact, have copper, but they also have zinc which balances the copper. The key is choosing nuts that balance in favor of zinc over copper. One list member found research indicating that peanuts and pecans are favorable choices for our high-copper kids in this regard. Another listmember also learned that walnuts and pecans are lower in phenols than almonds.

When I started this diet I didn't know any of this. All I knew was that my daughter had drug-addictive like behaviours for almond-flour products, and mushy stools shortly after eating almond flour products. Through trial and error, we learned that she could tolerate our homemade walnut-pecan flour just fine. It's a much stronger flavor than the almonds, so it is not quite as versatile. However, the flavor is delicious and her walnut-pecan muffins taste almost chocolaty. And the really good news is that we learned, eleven months into the diet, that she could tolerate limited amounts of almond flour products without a problem.

For those who can't do any nuts, there is still lots that can be enjoyed with meat, veggies and SCD-legal dairy. Jen Young's son Colin, who reportedly recovered from this diet alone, couldn't do any nuts for a while and ate, basically, meat, veggies and SCDgoat yogurt. So it can be done!

How about antifungals - can they replace SCD?

No - that would almost certainly make conditions worse - but they can occasionally be used in conjunction with SCD and probiotics.

There are a number of problems with antifungals. For one thing, many intestinal pathogens are becoming resistant to antifungals. When you treat for one fungus, yeast, mold or bacteria and wipe it out, another kind of pathogen suddenly gets a lot food and flourishes.

The intestine is like a city - on average there are 4,000 different kinds of microorganisms in residence. We want to do our utmost to help the desirable citizens gain the upper hand and control the most space. Strengthening them by providing the right environment is our best approach and we can do this most effectively with SCD. Once we have accomplished this, these beneficial community-minded organisms will be able keep the balance on their own, unless they are subjected to trauma, like a course of anti-biotics.

If we use anti-fungals to wipe out entire neighborhoods of pathogens, but do not provide

·        beneficial microorganisms to replace them, and

·        the correct diet to support the continued presence of the beneficials

then we leave open territory for other pathogenic organisms to colonize and grow.

For another thing, anti-fungals are hard on the liver. DAN ("Defeat Autism Now") Dr. Jaquelyn McCandless describes these problems in her book "Children with Starving Brains". A phenomenon known as "die-off" that accompanies use of anti-fungals can cause quite a strain on the bodily systems and emotions.

In some stubborn cases, healing of the intestine is given a jump start when anti-fungals are used in conjunction with probiotics. The probiotics provide healthy intestinal bacteria to take over the empty space in the gut vacated by the victims of the anti-fungal. However, due to the harshness of anti-fungals, and the negative effects on the body caused by the "die-off" of microorganisms, it is preferable to proceed without them, and rely on the steady, reliable healing power of SCD. Following the diet will allow the body to heal itself over time. On the whole, the positive strengthening approach of SCD is less debilitating to the bodily systems than a course of anti-fungals.

Some parents have found that working with herbal anti-fungals with the guidance of a naturopath is much less traumatic to their child's system than the stronger pharmaceutical varieties. This can allow them to gain the upper hand against the pathogens a little more gently, if necessary. In either case, before using anti-fungals, it is important to have your child's intestinal flora tested to insure that the one you select will target her particular intestinal pathogens.

Also, it is not possible, nor is it desirable in some cases, to completely eradicate the pathogens. Candida yeast is a good example. It commonly achieves overgrowth conditions in the body, causing many uncomfortable symptoms - even killing people with severely weakened immune systems - and yet without it we would die. Most intestinal microorganisms become pathogenic only when the proper intestinal balance is upset for some reason and they are allowed to grow out of control. Even after a person has been healed, following the SCD diet will minimize any chance of that ever reoccuring, as there will be no food source available to support a pathological overgrowth.





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