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标题: 美国疾病控制中心机密报告:硫柳汞与孤独症(英文) [打印本页]

作者: 宁刚 时间: 2002-9-12 23:43
标题: 美国疾病控制中心机密报告:硫柳汞与孤独症(英文)
下文揭示了美国疾病控制中心(CDC)的机密原始研究报告证实:出生后三个月内的婴儿,

如体内随注射疫苗接受的汞为62.5mcg或更多者,则此后得孤独症的可能性为对照组的

2.48倍. (此研究结果包括小年龄组,且未考虑体重.)

The "Mothering Magazine" Article

Title:  Thimerosal Linked to Autism in Confidential CDC Study

Controversy is mounting regarding the Center for Disease

Control's (CDC) Thimerosal Vaccine Safety Data-Link Study (VSD)

presented to the public at the July 15, 2001, Institute of Medicine

(IOM) meeting on "Thimerosal-Containing Vaccines and

Neurodevelopmental Outcomes." Thimerosal is the mercury preservative

used in vaccines and other biologics. The CDC study evaluated

nuerodevelopmental injury and cumulative exposures to Thimerosal at

one and three months of age by studying the health records of over

100,000 children at four HMOs.

The organization SAFEMINDS (Sensible Action for Ending

Mercury-Induced Neurological Disorders) has obtained an earlier,

confidential February 2000 version of the VSD study through the

Freedom of Information Act, as well as transcripts from a scientific

review of this earlier study, which took place at Simpsonwood Retreat

Center in Georgia. Serious disparities exist between the

neurodevelopmental outcomes of the two different versions of the

study. For over a year, SAFEMINDS and Congressman Dan Burton (R-

Indiana) have been requesting the VSD raw data from the CDC for

independent review. So far their requests have been denied.

The Texas firm Waters and Kraus leads the consortium of 25 law

firms in as many states in the first civil suit brought against

vaccine manufacturers and alleges that the February 2000 confidential

version of the VSD study clearly demonstrates "an exposure to more

than 62.5 micrograms of mercury within the first three months of life

significantly increases a child's risk of developing

nuerodevelopmental orders such as speech and language delay, autism,

stuttering, and attention deficit disorder." In fact, the study

indicates that children at this exposure level are more than twice as

likely (2.48) to develop autism as those not exposed. Waters and

Kraus note: "Courts of law have generally upheld that a relative risk

of 2.0 or higher is sufficient to substantiate that a given exposure

causes disease.

When the VSD study was presented at the July 2001 IOM meeting,

the relative risk of autism had been reduced to 1.69. According to

Mark Blaxill of SAFEMINDS, all previous versions of the study had

used the same dataset. Yet for the version presented at the IOM

meeting had an additional 34,334 children added to the database. The

majority of the additional children were added by altering the

inclusion criteria, as well as by updating the HMO data cycle by

adding an additional year, 1998. The additional children were too

young to have been diagnosed autistic since they were just turning

two at the time the analysis was performed. Autism is diagnosed on

the average at 44 months.

When the author of the VSD study, Tom Verstraeten, first

presented the confidential version for scientific review by a panel

of experts at Simpsonwood in June 2000, he said, "One thing that is

for sure, there is certainly an under-ascertainment of all these

[neurodevelopmental disorders] because some of the children are just

not old enough to be diagnosed. So the crude incidence rates

are probably much lower than what you would expect because the cohort

is still very young."

The FDA and EPA called for the removal of mercury in infant

vaccines beginning in 1999. At that time, vaccine manufacturers

agreed to have thimerosal-free vaccines available at the beginning of

2001 and later offered voluntary exchange for all remaining

thimerosal vaccines still on the shelf. In July of 1999, the

American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP), under the leadership of

pediatric vaccinologist Dr. Neal A. Halsey, met with officials from

the CDC to ask that the birth dose of Hepatitis B be pushed back as

far as six months of age. The CDC and members of its National

Immunization Program (NIP) refused, arguing that there was no

evidence of harm done. They didn't want to undermine public

confidence in the vaccination program. After much negotiation, the

CDC released an ambiguous and weak statement that suggested that in

certain low-risk populations physicians could wait until babies were

two months of age before they administered their first hepatitis B

vaccine.

The Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP), the CDC

committee that recommends the vaccines for the Childhood Immunization

Schedule, has yet to state a preference for thimerosal-free

vaccines. It was the ACIP that approved of the additions to the

Childhood Immunization Schedule of hepatitis B and Hib in the late

1980s and early 1990s, two thimerosal-containing vaccines that pushed

infant ethyl mercury exposure levels far above any existing federal

methyl mercury exposure guidelines.

At the June 2000 Simpsonwood meeting, the following comment was

made by a participant, "This association leads me to favor a

recommendation that infants up to two years old not be immunized with

thimerosal-containing vaccines if suitable alternative preparations

are available?Forgive this personal comment, but I got called out at

eight o'clock for an emergency phone call, and my daughter-in-law

delivered a son by C-section. [This is] our first male in the line of

the next generation, and I do not want that grandson to get a

thimerosal-containing vaccine until we know better what is going on?

SAFEMINDS, a group founded by parents of children suffering from what

they know to be mercury-induced neurological disorders, believes that

everybody's child should have had this knowledge and option in June

of 2000.

Just how much thimerosal is too much for an infant? It depends

on whom you ask. Chair of the IOM's Immunization Safety Review

Committee, Dr. Marie McCormick, gave assurances to the public last

October that it would be rare for any child who follows the vaccine

schedule to exceed federal guidelines for methyl mercury exposure.

Yet the confidential CDC study found that "the majority of children

in their cohort exceeded the EPA limits at one and three months of

age." The EPA guidelines allow for 0.1 mcg per kilogram of body

weight per day. Depending on her weight, a three-month-old infant

who received 62.5 micrograms of mercury in one day would exceed the

EPA guidelines upwards of 78 times. And, as researchers were quick

to point out at the July IOM meeting on thimerosal, the EPA's safe

limit is based on gradually ingested methyl mercury via fish

consumption. It was never meant to be used as a safety limit for

injected bolus doses of ethyl mercury, which permeate the blood-brain

barrier.

According to Dr. Boyd Haley, head of the chemistry department at

the University of Kentucky, and an internationally recognized

researcher on the toxicity of mercury compounds, says no amount of

thimerosal is a safe amount. He says, "It is well known that infants

do not produce significant levels of bile or have adult renal

capacity for several months after birth. Bilary transport is the

major biochemical route by which mercury is removed from the body,

and infants cannot do this very well." Haley adds that thimerosal is

more toxic than mercury and that "giving a ten-pound infant a single

vaccine in a day is the equivalent of giving a 100 pound adult 40

vaccines in a day." He goes on to say, "We are not talking about

causing death; we are talking about causing autism. As a scientist,

you have to ask yourself, what's the most obvious neurotoxin that

these children are being exposed to that could cause this?

Thimerosal."

According to a participant at the scientific review of the

confidential CDC study held at Simpsonwood, "The number of dose-

related relationships are linear and statistically significant. You

can play with the numbers all you want. They are linear. The

increased incidence of neurobehavioral problems in the past few

decades is probably real. I work in the school system where my effort

is entirely special education, and I have to say that the numbers of

kids getting help in special education is growing nationally and

state by state at a rate we have not seen before, we don't see that

kind of genetic change in 30 years."

It is now estimated that 17 percent of US children under the age

of 18 are suffering from learning and/or behavioral disabilities.

California's Department of Developmental Services just released it

sobering statistics for 2001. It reported a 20 percent increase over

the previous year 2000 for diagnoses of level-one autism. Level-one

autism is the number one disability in the state of California,

accounting for 35 percent of all new cases. Of the 16,802 persons

with level-one autism in the California system, two-thirds of them

are between the ages of birth and 13.

How could a mistake of such magnitude have been made---one that

has seemingly impacted a generation of children around the world? The

FDA approves vaccines in a vacuum; they are not required to study

cumulative exposures or the synergistic effects of receiving multiple

vaccines in a single day. After the FDA approves a vaccine, it is

reviewed for inclusion on the CDC's Advisory Committee on

Immunization Practices (ACIP) vaccine schedule. In reviewing policy

decisions that brought about the approval of the ill-fated rotavirus

vaccine, Congressman Dan Burton found that the ACIP is riddled with

conflicts of interest: committee members own stock in drug companies

that make vaccines; committee members own patents for vaccines;

conflicts of interest waivers are granted for members for a year at a

time, and there are no public members or parents who have a vote on

the same committee.

Executive Director of the American Association of Physicians and

Surgeons Jane Orient, MD, has long argued that because vaccines are

state and federally mandated, the manufacturer and the physician are

relieved of liability for adverse effects. On the other hand,

physicians who advise against a mandated vaccine face increased legal

liability if a patient is infected with that disease. Neither

vaccine manufacturers nor medical personnel have any impetus to

follow up on the safety or rationale of the product they are

administering.

It has been almost three years since Lynn Redwood, a nurse,

mother of an autistic son, and one of the founders and current

president of SAFEMINDS, first came across an FDA report mentioning

that children who received vaccines within thimerosal might possibly

exceed federal guidelines for mercury exposure. She went on to have

a lock of her son's hair tested, and it revealed levels of mercury

and aluminum at almost five times the acceptable amount. Redwood

says, "I want parents to know what happened to their children, and I

am starting to lose faith that our government and its various

agencies are doing anything about this."

For more information, see:

            www.safeminds.org

            www.iom.edu

            www.altcorp.com

            www.VaccineWebsite.com

            www.909shot.com

            www.autism-mercury.com

            Waters and Kraus: www.autismfraud.com

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